BEAM DESIGN OF COMPOSITE BEAM AND SLAB SECTIONS FOR SAGGING AND HOGGING MOMENTS DESIGN | X01
Summary The beam module allows you to design a composite section for flexure. Composite construction methods are becoming more popular globally due to the rapid construction potential and efficient use of materials. The module forms part of the PROKON structural analysis and design suit together with the three other composite design modules.
What makes this module special?
• Design a section for sagging and hogging moments and for shear • Various deck layouts are supported • Design checks indicate which failure mode governs • Detailed equations
Detailed Description A composite beam is usually a combination of a steel I-beam and a concrete slab cast on top. Shear connectors are welded to the top flange of the steel beam to ensure that the composite action is possible. Composite construction reduces the construction timeline because the contractors don’t have to wait for concrete beams to reach the required 28-day strength before removing formwork. With good planning, formwork can be avoided entirely, which allows for massive savings. The composite beam section design module allows you to design a composite section for flexure and shear. The module considers the case of sagging as well as hogging moments.
BEAM DESIGN OF COMPOSITE BEAM AND SLAB SECTIONS FOR SAGGING AND HOGGING MOMENTS DESIGN | X01
Various deck layouts are possible: 1. No deck 2. Flat deck 3. Ribbed parallel to beam
4. Ribbed perpendicular to beam 5. Corrugated parallel to beam 6. Corrugated perpendicular to beam
The module reads sections from the PROKON® Section Database which contains the steel sections used in most countries.
Theory used in this module The module calculates the sagging and hogging resistance of composite beam sections according to rigid-plastic theory in Section 6 of EN 1994-1-1:2004 (Eurocode 4). It can evaluate both full shear connection and partial shear connection designs using plastic theory. The module verifies that the section is either a Class 1 or a Class 2 section as required for rigid-plastic theory design. It accounts for longitudinal reinforcement in compression (if present) for sagging resistance with the assumption that such reinforcement is fully anchored. To calculate the plastic bending resistance of the section, the module determines the plastic neutral axis (PNA) location of the section. It does this by balancing the contributing horizontal forces (based on plastic stresses) in the composite cross- section. In the shear connection calculations, the module checks headed studs for adherence to the ductility requirements for steel sections with equal flanges. It also checks resistance to vertical shear.
BEAM DESIGN OF COMPOSITE BEAM AND SLAB SECTIONS FOR SAGGING AND HOGGING MOMENTS DESIGN | X01
BEAM DESIGN OF COMPOSITE BEAM AND SLAB SECTIONS FOR SAGGING AND HOGGING MOMENTS DESIGN | X01
Supported Codes
Design Codes
• • •
AISC 360 – 16 (LRFD) Eurocode 4 – 2004 SANS 10162-1:2011
CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAMS AND SLABS ANALYSIS | DESIGN | DETAILING | X02
Summary The composite continuous beam design module designs multi-span composite beams. Composite construction methods are becoming more popular globally due to the rapid construction potential and efficient use of materials. The module forms part of the PROKON structural analysis and design suit together with the three other composite design modules.
What makes this module special?
• Design of a section for both sagging and hogging • Various deck layouts
• Multi-span composite beams • Different construction methods • Point loads & moments as well as distributed loads • Output: elastic & long-term deflections, shear forces and bending moments • Detailed equations
Detailed Description A composite beam is usually a combination of a steel I-beam and a concrete slab cast on top. Shear connectors are welded to the top flange of the steel beam to ensure that the composite resistance is possible. Composite construction reduces the construction timeline because the contractors don’t have to wait for concrete beams to reach the required 28-day strength before removing formwork. With good planning, formwork can be completely avoided, which allows for massive savings. The composite continuous beam design module allows you to design a composite section for bending and shear. The module considers the case of sagging as well as hogging moments.
Various deck layouts are possible: 1. No deck 2. Flat deck 3. Ribbed parallel to beam
4. Ribbed perpendicular to beam 5. Corrugated parallel to beam 6. Corrugated perpendicular to beam
CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAMS AND SLABS ANALYSIS | DESIGN | DETAILING | X02
Various spans can be defined, and each span can consist of more than one section. This allows for economical design because you can have a section with reinforcing in the flange to be used in regions of hogging and another without reinforcing in the flange for sagging regions. Construction loads and construction supports can be entered which will affect the construction phase’s analysis and design. When the construction phase is complete and the concrete and steel can achieve composite action, the construction loads and supports are removed, and the beam is re-analysed and designed. This all happens automatically without any additional user input required.
The module reads sections from the PROKON Section Database which contains the steel sections used in most countries.
Possible ULS loads include distributed loads, point loads, and point moments at any point along the beam.
The design output includes elastic deflections, long term deflections, shear forces and bending moment envelopes along the length of the beam.
Theory used in this module The module calculates the sagging and hogging resistance of composite beam sections according to rigid-plastic theory in Section 6 of EN 1994-1-1:2004 (Eurocode 4). It can evaluate both full shear connection and partial shear connection designs using plastic theory. The module verifies that the section is either a Class 1 or a Class 2 section as required for rigid-plastic theory design. It accounts for longitudinal reinforcement in compression (if present) for sagging resistance with the assumption that such reinforcement is fully anchored.
CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAMS AND SLABS ANALYSIS | DESIGN | DETAILING | X02
To calculate the plastic bending resistance of the section, the module determines the plastic neutral axis (PNA) location of the section. It does this by balancing the contributing horizontal forces (based on plastic stresses) in the composite cross- section. In the shear connection calculations, the module checks headed studs for adherence to the ductility requirements for steel sections with equal flanges. It also checks resistance to vertical shear.
FILLED COLUMN DESIGN CONCRETE FILLED HOLLOW STEEL PROFILES WITH REINFORCING DESIGN | X03
Summary The composite filled column module designs compression members made up of steel and concrete materials. This module considers sections made up of either rectangular or circular hollow sections filled with reinforced concrete.
What makes this module special?
• Section resistance calculation, including second-order effects and material non- linearity. • Composite column design, including steel section, concrete, and rebar. • Interactive interaction charts for both design axes. • Detailed equations.
FILLED COLUMN DESIGN CONCRETE FILLED HOLLOW STEEL PROFILES WITH REINFORCING DESIGN | X03
Detailed Description The composite filled column module designs compression members made up of either rectangular or circular hollow sections filled with concrete and with reinforcement present. The module follows the rigid plastic theory set out in the Eurocode. Rather than using simplified interaction curves, the module generates full X-X and Y-Y interaction charts which can be viewed interactively to display the resistance at different points on the graphs.
Theory used in this module The module determines the plastic neutral axis location by balancing the contributing forces in the composite column cross-section based on the allowed plastic stresses. Design results for individual materials are tabulated in detail, and a summary table is generated to show whether the design checks pass or fail. Multiple load cases can be entered to compare with the section capacity, and the comparisons are displayed in tabular form.
FILLED COLUMN DESIGN CONCRETE FILLED HOLLOW STEEL PROFILES WITH REINFORCING DESIGN | X03
More importantly, a summary table for the critical load cases for each of the design checks (uniaxial and biaxial bending, axial force, shear forces) is given.
The module generates full X-X and Y-Y interaction charts which can be viewed interactively to display the section resistance for different combinations of axial forces and bending moments. Detailed equations are included with all assumptions stated, and relevant calculations are shown with the necessary references to the active design code.
ENCASED COLUMN DESIGN OF STEEL PROFILES ENCASED IN CONCRETE WITH REINFORCING DESIGN | X04
Summary The encased column module designs compression members made up of steel and concrete materials. This module considers rolled steel profiles encased in reinforced concrete.
What makes this module special?
• Section resistance calculation, including second-order effects and material non- linearity • Composite column design, including steel section, concrete, and rebar • Interactive interaction charts for both design axes • Detailed equations
Detailed Description The composite encased column module designs compression members made up of either partially or fully encased I or H-sections and with reinforcement present. The module follows the rigid plastic theory set out in the Eurocode. Rather than using
ENCASED COLUMN DESIGN OF STEEL PROFILES ENCASED IN CONCRETE WITH REINFORCING DESIGN | X04
simplified interaction curves, the module generates full X-X and Y-Y interaction charts which can be viewed interactively to display the resistance at different points on the graphs.
Theory used in this module The module determines the plastic neutral axis location by balancing the contributing forces in the composite column cross-section based on the allowed plastic stresses. Design results for individual materials are tabulated in detail, and a summary table is generated to show whether the design checks pass or fail. Multiple load cases can be entered to compare with the section capacity, and the comparisons are displayed in tabular form.
More importantly, a summary table for the critical load cases for each of the design checks (uniaxial and biaxial bending, axial force, shear forces) is given.
ENCASED COLUMN DESIGN OF STEEL PROFILES ENCASED IN CONCRETE WITH REINFORCING DESIGN | X04
The module generates full X-X and Y-Y interaction charts which can be viewed interactively to display the section resistance for different combinations of axial forces and bending moments. Detailed equations are included with all assumptions stated, and relevant calculations are shown with the necessary references to the active design code.
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